High Phosphorus

What is the increase in the level of phosphate in the blood?

Phosphorus is an essential micronutrient for bones and teeth. Elevated levels can be dangerous and require immediate treatment. Hyperphosphatemia is an increase in the level of phosphate in the blood. It increases the risk of kidney and heart disease and can also cause other health problems.

What are its main signs and symptoms?

Hyperphosphatemia may not present itself with any prominent symptoms. Symptoms may be related to the underlying disease.

Excess phosphate often lowers blood calcium levels, which weakens the bones.

It is common for people with high phosphate levels to have muscle spasms.

A person may also have dry, cracked, and scaly skin.

What are the main reasons for this?

If the kidneys do not function properly, they will not be able to flush out excess phosphate from the body, leading to increased levels of phosphate in the blood. Kidney diseases such as chronic kidney disease or kidney failure which can increase serum phosphate levels.

Occasionally, even low levels of parathyroid hormone can increase serum phosphate.

Similarly, low calcium levels increase phosphate levels.

Endocrine conditions, such as diabetes or ketoacidosis, are one of the main causes of increased phosphate levels in the body.

How is it diagnosed and treated? If you present with symptoms of hyperphosphatemia, your doctor will perform a physical examination of you, find out the complete history of the treatment, and then search for the underlying condition.

A blood test is a preliminary investigation that will reveal high levels of phosphate in the blood. A blood test can also be used to diagnose high sugar or abnormal calcium metabolism.

If any bone loss is suspected, an X-ray of the bone may be done.

Treatment of this condition depends on the cause and may include the following interventions:

Diet control is important for kidney disease. In some cases, dialysis may be required along with medication.

If diabetes is the underlying cause, then insulin is recommended.

If low calcium is suspected, calcium supplements are also recommended. Calcium binders are a class of drugs that are beneficial in this condition.

Whatever the cause of this condition, it is important to manage foods high in phosphate, such as meat, poultry, fish, nuts, and more. 

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